Two of the most promising advancements in recent years are quantum computing and artificial intelligence (AI). The combination of these two technologies not only promises to enable machines to learn faster but also opens the door to solving problems that previously seemed unattainable. But what exactly is quantum computing, and how can it transform AI?
What is Quantum Computing?
Quantum computing is based on the principles of quantum physics, a branch of science that studies the smallest particles in the universe. Unlike traditional computers that store information in bits (which can be either 0 or 1), quantum computers use qubits. Qubits have a special property: they can process a much larger amount of information simultaneously. This capability makes quantum computers powerful tools for solving complex problems.
How Does It Enhance Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning, involves teaching computers to make decisions or predictions based on large volumes of data. The more machines learn, the better they become at tasks such as pattern recognition, product recommendations, or predicting future events. However, traditional computers face limits on the speed at which they can process data. A simple example of this is when Netflix recommends a series for you to watch next; the AI has analysed your previous habits and preferences to provide a suggestion.
This is where quantum computing can make a significant difference. By combining AI with quantum computing, machines will be able to learn more rapidly and efficiently. For instance, in fields such as medicine, where vast amounts of data are analysed (like genetic studies or medical imaging), quantum computers could expedite these processes, assisting doctors in achieving quicker and more accurate diagnoses.
The Challenges and Future of Quantum Computing
Although the potential is immense, quantum computing is still in its early stages. Currently, constructing a quantum computer requires special conditions and is highly costly. Additionally, much research remains to be done for this technology to become accessible and practical for commercial and everyday applications. Nevertheless, major technology companies such as Google and IBM are heavily investing in research, and advancements are occurring at a rapid pace. Over time, we are likely to see quantum computing and artificial intelligence working together to tackle some of humanity’s most challenging problems.
By Hernán Zorzo
References
Benedetti, M., & Lloyd, S. (2019). Quantum machine learning: An overview and applications. Quantum Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab12d1
Cohen, A. (2020). Quantum algorithms for fixed Qubit architectures: A practical approach. Nature Reviews Physics. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-020-0230-1
Kerenidis, I., & Prakash, A. (2017). Quantum machine learning: A new approach to data analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710327114
Preskill, J. (2018). Quantum computing in the NISQ era and beyond. Quantum. https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2018-08-06-79
